Nr. 1-2 / 2008

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Journalisme et innovation sur l'internet
Nikos SMYRNAIOS
Resumé:
Journalisme et innovation sur l'internet
Depuis quelque temps, une myriade d’outils et de services nouveaux s’épanouissent dans le contexte fluctuant qu’est celui de l’internet parce qu’ils ont été développés en intégrant dès le départ les principes d’interactivité et de plasticité permettant leur adaptation à des usages variés. Cet internet « nouveau », souvent appelé Web 2.0, impulsé en grande partie par les internautes eux-mêmes, prend une place considérable à coté d’une offre industrielle classique sur le web. Le secteur du journalisme en ligne n’échappe pas à ce phénomène. Dans le présent article, en nous efforçant d’articuler une présentation des spécificités techniques des ces phénomènes à une analyse des enjeux socioéconomiques, nous allons tenter d’analyser ceux qui nous semblent le mieux caractériser ce mouvement. Parmi eux, le développement fulgurant des outils de recherche et l’élargissement de leur champ d’application, la personnalisation poussée de l’accès au contenu, l’émergence d’une information participative, la diversification des canaux de distribution de contenus audiovisuels.
Mots clés: internet, journalisme,information,canaux,contenus.

Cultura profesională a jurnaliştilor din România
Natalia VASILENDIUC
Summary:
The Professional Culture of Romania’s Journalists 
The study presented within this article analyzes the attitudes of the Romanian journalists on their professional culture (roles, values, standards). It was implemented on a sample of one hundred and fifteen practitioners from twenty three mass media institutions, from September 2007 till January 2008. The research consists in the fact that practitioners from Romania are still in a process of assimilation of the Western professional norms. Although the journalists consider themselves as watch-dogs, teachers which educate the public, opinion makers and defenders of the rights and freedoms of the individuals, and appreciate professional values like objectivity, correctitude, impartiality, honesty and professionalism, journalists occasionally use dubious work methods and, often break ethical principles.
Key Words: “Worlds of Journalism” project, professional culture, professional constraints, journalism. 

Un posibil concept deontologic - corectitudinea
Tudor CÃTINEANU
Summary:
Correctness – A Possible Deontological Concept
Deontology is set up by passing from the moral fact, with its seven components, to the deontical fact with three components. This passage is based on four reductions and two changes of emphasis. The four reductions are: 1. The fundamental moral principles – five in number according to Clifford Christians - are ignored; 2. Duty (Kant) is replaced by duties (obligations); 3. The moral values of Good and Bad are replaced by usefulness (efficiency); 4. the deontical norms are placed at the intersection between moral and professional norms. The two changes of emphasis are: 1. the four hypostases of the subject from the moral fact are united in a single collective subject, the group of professionals; 2. the stress is laid not on the subject of the manifestation (SM) but on the manifestation of the subject (MS). The next step consists in launching the hypothesis according to which, the generic concept (principle) of any Deontology is correctness and all the deontical values are forms (hypostases) of correctness. The concept of correctness is semantically (and logically) analyzed both extensively and intensively. Finally, the four antinomies of correctness are analyzed; ways of prevention and solutions are indicated, in case these antinomies show up. Drawing up pertinent (specific and rigorous) Deontological Codes helps preventing antinomies to appear.
Keywords:  moral fact, deontical fact, correctness

Consiliul Naţional al Audiovizualului - scurtă istorie
Antoaneta TÃNÃSESCU
Summary:
The National Council of the Audio – Visual – Brief History
This short monography is devoted to the 16 years of activity of the National Council of the Audio – Video (NCA). The survey presents some moments of the Audio – Video history in Romania, the NCA setting-up, the development of the radio and television networks, the regulating process of the Audio – Video, the leveling of Romanian legislation with the European Union one, in terms of the NCA regulations, publications, the events organized by this institution, the Council’ s members, the organizational structure.
Key Words: Audio – Video, regulation, sanctions, radio history, television,history.

Locul şi rolul media în viaţa pensionarilor români. Consideraţii despre
comportamentul media al pensionarilor
Delia Cristina BALABAN
Summary:
The Media Place and Role in The Romanian Retired People’ s Life. Considerations on The Retired People’ s Media Behaviour        
The article presents the results of a qualitative study focused on media consumption habits of pensioners. Media consumption is influenced by structural as well as individual factors. The German communication scientist Michael Meyen has identified five specific reasons responsible for media consumption among pensioners that have also been tested in a Romanian context. Romanian pensioners have proven high commitment and trust levels with regard to television as a medium. The article also emphasizes the attitude of this target group towards the use of internet.
Key Words: media consumption, retired people, research, uses and gratifications, television.

Le signe comme cause externe au système: vers une sémiostylistique trifonctionelle constractale des communications
Patrick KALASON, Ştefan BRATOSIN
Resumé:
Le signe comme cause externe au système: vers une sémiostylistique trifonctionelle constractale des communications  
Les propos de cet article s’inscrivent dans une demarche qui consiste à rétablir dans sa fonction seconde en sciences humaines et sociales l’approche dite cartésienne comme étant la conséquence cartographique d’une approche préliminaire trifonctionnelle (trikalienne) telle que l’a mise au jour le philologue Georges Dumézil. Le tout permettant de faire entrer les sciences de l’information et des communications dans une dimension constructale quelques soient les problématiques soulevées.
Mots cle:  communications, signe, deconstruction, code, semiostylistique.

Noi dimensiuni ale comunicării în organizaţia modernă
Mihaela Florentina PRUNÃ
Summary:
New Dimensions of Communication in Modern Organizations
The study subjects to attention an interpretation of the modern organization functionality by bringing upfront the positive informal communication (as displayed by interest, animation, involvement), especially horizontally, (collegial communication) too long placed on a second level of importance, considering it does not play a key role in organizational development. Definitely one should take into consideration, given the specific of the organizational environment, the written, formal communication both vertically and horizontally etc. However, what really surprises is the increasing flexibility of the hierarchical structures due to a development of the informal communication.  The hypothesis according to which the informal communication responds more efficiently to employees’ personal needs, and through them to professional needs, is tackled by both the research of renowned specialists in organizational analysis and individual qualitative studies. Theoretical analysis interestingly places informal communication closer to efficient communication, that type of communication in which all individuals involved in the communication process meet their needs and expectations. The efficient communication represents a sufficient basis for the positive informal communication to be put into practice at organizational level. Based on this, the efficient communication, through its effects, can be the foundation of a permissive work environment, while representing the outcome of certain communication improvement approaches as presented in the research.
Key Words: communication, organization, communication typology, organizational climate.

Strategii comunicaţionale în oferirea cadourilor
către învăţători şi profesori în şcoala generală
Gabriela CONDRACHE
Summary:
Communicational strategies in offering gifts to schoolmistresses and teachers in primary school        
The “gift” issue is a timely subject in today’ s Romanian democratic society, as it has been since the beginning of the existence of schools, teachers, parents and pupils. Today more than ever the gift becomes a social symbol of the relations between humans, having a symbolic value and being considered an economic transaction. From an anthropological point of view, the concept of teachers receiving gifts may be understood as a ritual or as a collective behavior with a physical support, a repetitive character and a strong symbolic value for the actors, which is based upon an adherence pattern according to which one can obtain an advantage, whose efficiency doesn’ t concern pure empirical logic. The ritual of teachers receiving gifts has several definitive characteristics: action, awareness,collective behavior , performance and last but not least regularity. As a consequence, the gift remains an obligation, a ritual between teachers and pupils.
Key words: gift, parents, school, cookie-mother (mama savarina), tampon-teacher (învatatoarea-tampon)

Locul şi rolul femeilor în relaţii publice
Isabela Elena LIUTIC
Summary:
Women’s Place and Role in Public Relations „What is the role of the Romanian women in public relations?”       
I’ve tried to answer this question through this paper work, presenting also several aspects researched and theorized by the world biggest public relations specialists and researchers. You will find that the public relations values and the abilities you must have to practice public relations are associated more and more with the women. A special attention was given to the public relations feminization phenomenon (especially in United States of America). Today women have achieved more success in public relations than in almost any other profession. Through this study paper I’ve tried to present the Romanian public relations reality and to obtain information concerning the characteristics, statuses, and the roles of women who are working in public relations. The Romanian women who are working in public relations are young 20-40 years, have a solid theoretical basis, are permanently well- informed and have many qualities which help them to profess: sociability, patience, horse sense, communicational and organizational abilities. These women said that public relations are a domain where you can combine the work with the passion; it is a profession which requires sacrifices, but these women are willing to make them in order to fulfill their objectives. Key Words: public relations, women, communication, status, role.

Metode informale de analiză din cadrul campaniilor
de comunicare publică şi al celor de PR
Flaviu Călin RUS
Summary:
Informal Analysis Methods during Public and Public Relations Communication Campaigns       
This article presents the most important informal methods and instruments of analysis,  which help us to obtain the information that are necessary in initial and final evaluations in public communication and PR campaigns. During our scientific demarche, we tried to describe the most important characteristics of this methods and instruments. This paper high-lights the necessity of using informal methods of information gathering in the evaluations of public communication and PR campaigns join with formal methods.
Key Words: analysis, communication campaigns, public relations, methodology, formal methods.

Mitul Ceauşescu în publicitate sau despre cum se comercializează nostalgiile
Marius Florin DRAŞOVEAN
Summary:
The myth of Ceausescu in advertising or how nostalgias are being commercialized
Each society is (re)constructing and remembering its own history based on the symbolic dispute between  les chevaliers de la memoire and les partisans de l’oubli. The aim of this paper is to analyze the history of the Romanian communism and of its image – Nicolae Ceausescu - as it is presented in the post ’89 advertisements, these discourses reflecting after all what is considered relevant by the society both to understand and to remember from and through recent history and not only. At the same time, based on this mixture between offical history and personal histories which are even more relevant for the individuals since they are „living histories”, I am interested to see how a certain type of identity related to communism is (re)shaped in a consciousness way or not.
Key  Words: myth, advertising, history, identity, research.

Destinul imigranţilor canadieni în mass media (I)
Hilda HENCZ
Summary:
The destiny of the Canadian immigrants in mass-media(I)
This survey is devoted to the immigration phenomenon in Canada. The research was done through the observation method and the media monitoring and mainly concerns the Romanians in Ontario and Quebec, where the largest communities are to be found. The article presents phenomena such as unemployment, the federal system of immigrants’ selection, the immigrants’ social and economic integration, the factors that stimulate labour migration, the covering of these processes by Canadian media.
Key  Words: immigration, poverty, careers, incomes integration, Canada.

Umor şi erori de argumentare în discursul jurnalistic.
Studiu de caz: Academia Caţavencu
Aurelia VASILE
Summary:
Humour and Fallacies in the media discourse – case study:
the Academia Catavencu weekly
The article performs a comparative analysis between the verbal discourse and the non-verbal graphic elements (cartoons) within the case study framework in the  Academia Catavencu weekly (the first page editorial cartoon in the editions issued for six months (June-December 2006), and verbal communication in captions, and blobs or bubbles to the cartoons. The overwhelming majority of the first page cartoons in Academia Catavencu are political, they use satire, irony towards politicians and politics. All of the cartoons in the semester editions (second semester of 2006) contain argumentum ad hominem fallacies, and this proves that in the Romanian political discourse, the profile of the politician is quite important.
Key words: humour, fallacy, discourse, argumentation, critical thinking.